Key takeaway: Evidence of excessive optimism abounds. Recent articles in the Wall Street Journal provide anecdotes for the data: Conservative German savers are increasing their exposure to stocks and investors in the US are crowding into the market, focusing more on chasing returns than managing risks. Cyclical views trend and strategic positioning point to elevated risks but stocks have been buoyed by a favorable news backdrop (positive economic data surprises and upward earnings revisions) and resilient breadth. If these falter and investor appetite for risk fades, those areas of the market where speculative fever has burned the hottest could be the most vulnerable.

Key takeaway: Optimism remains widespread from a cyclical perspective but history shows that it can (and in the past, has) remain elevated for extended periods of time. Options data show  the record surge in call activity over the past year has stalled. If the speculative fever that has helped fuel recent gains is breaking, resiliency beneath the surface and the continued tailwind provided by better than expected earnings and economic data will be increasingly important. After an unprecedented period of positive surprises, we just don’t know how investors would respond to disappointment at this point. We do know that stocks are most vulnerable when optimism is being unwound.

Key takeaway: The heat has been turned up on our sentiment indicators, and optimism is back to a full boil as we see indexes in the US and around the world move to new highs. While it takes bulls to have a bull market, sentiment running too far ahead of reality can be a recipe for some churn. While breadth remains strong and economic & earnings data comes in ahead of expectations, investor optimism may well be rewarded. If breadth falters in a meaningful way and/or incoming data starts to fall short of expectations, the overheated sentiment backdrop would pose an increased burn risk. Investors who can’t tolerate the heat might want to step out of the kitchen for a breath of fresh air. 

Key takeaway: Despite the decreasing exposure of active equity managers, the weight of the evidence continues to lean toward a neutral sentiment backdrop that supports a much needed reset, allowing optimism to rebuild moving forward. Investment managers may be pulling back from the market, but equity ETF inflows have reached record levels. This past month inflows reached over $80 billion, the highest level over a one month period. This may suggest excessive investor positioning but inflows can remain high for extended periods of time before negatively impacting the market. Another piece of information that points to growing optimism is The Consensus Inc. Bullish Sentiment Index as it reached 74% last week, it’s highest level since early 2018. These pockets of investor optimism, within the broader neutral setting, allude to the nature of the recent unwind.

Key takeaway: Despite the decreasing exposure of active equity managers, the weight of the evidence continues to lean toward a neutral sentiment backdrop that supports a much needed reset, allowing optimism to rebuild moving forward. Investment managers may be pulling back from the market, but equity ETF inflows have reached record levels. This past month inflows reached over $80 billion, the highest level over a one month period. This may suggest excessive investor positioning but inflows can remain high for extended periods of time before negatively impacting the market. Another piece of information that points to growing optimism is The Consensus Inc. Bullish Sentiment Index as it reached 74% last week, it’s highest level since early 2018. These pockets of investor optimism, within the broader neutral setting, allude to the nature of the recent unwind.

Key takeaway: The evidence continues to suggest we have recently undergone a healthy unwind in excessive optimism. Investment manager’s equity exposure has dramatically pulled back from extreme readings but remains above levels that signals a shift toward risk aversion risk that can weigh on price. Combining that with budding optimism among individual investors and a supportive, neutral backdrop in sentiment arises. Though global markets lack strength from a tactical perspective, the message remains digestion over deterioration given recent breadth thrusts and that the majority of international markets are in uptrends. For now, the reset in sentiment provides upside potential for both optimism and price.

Key takeaway: After a healthy unwind over the past few weeks that allowed sentiment to reset to neutral, we are seeing optimism rebuild. This uptick in optimism has been accompanied by (as we show in our chart of the week) another breadth thrust. There is room for a further expansion in optimism before it becomes an excessive headwind - and continued broad market strength diminishes such a signal in any event. The combination of breadth thrusts and persistently elevated optimism is reminiscent of the late-2016 to early-2018 period. Then, equity ETFs saw 20 consecutive months of in-flows - we are currently in our 10th consecutive month of inflows (although the pace is quickening, with a record $100 billion over the past four weeks). Equities ran into trouble in early 2018 when breadth thrust tailwinds subsided but elevated optimism remained.

Key takeaway: Investor optimism has been unwinding even as indexes have moved into record territory and breadth remains strong (NYSE new high list at its highest level since 2004). This week’s featured chart shows the spread between institutional and individual sentiment collapsing. This has tended to occur ahead of market strength, not weakness. While the risks from a strategic positioning perspective are undiminished (especially in the context of valuations and household equity exposure), the short-term and intermediate-term sentiment picture has improved in recent weeks as optimism has come off the boil. It looks to me like investor sentiment has moved off of the risk side of the scale and the weight of the evidence is turning more constructive not more cautious.

Key takeaway: Sentiment shifts last week seemed more reflective of weakness in the headliners than the new weekly closing highs in the equal-weight S&P 500. This is a healthy development, especially for active investors who are seeing the market coalesce around a new leadership group while optimism comes off a boil. For passive investors, the pain of loss is more acute. This risk for the market overall is that diminished optimism morphs into more meaningful pessimism and breadth digestion turns to sustained deterioration. We have not seen that. Even as options data shows more concern and weekly sentiment surveys turn more neutral, fund flows continue to display optimism. When this reverses, risks are likely to rise. From a strategic positioning perspective, risks are elevated and passive investors may just be starting to feel uncomfortable.