Fed and bond market moves become headwinds for stocks.
In addition to these market concerns, the liquidity backdrop is presenting a more acute challenge for equities. The Fed raised rates 25 basis points last week and the futures market is now looking for another 100 basis points of tightening combined at the May and June FOMC meetings. Corporate bond yields are rising at their fastest pace since the financial crisis and more than half of global central banks are now in tightening mode. During the last cycle, it took the 2-year Treasury yield more than 6 years to move from its low to back above 2%. This cycle it completed that move in just over 1 year. The pace of tightening (from the bond market and from the Fed) matters for equities. Stocks tend to struggle when that pace is elevated, as it appears to be in this cycle.
To the surprise of no one, the Federal Reserve voted to raise its target fed funds rate at yesterday’s FOMC meeting. The 25 basis-point rate hike was fully priced into the futures market. There was only one dissenting vote – St. Louis Fed President Jim Bullard expressed a preference for a 50 basis point hike at this meeting.
I’ll admit I was surprised that neither Esther George (from the Kansas City Fed) or Loretta Mester (from the Cleveland Fed) joined Bullard in his dissent. At the end of the day, the Fed is now in tightening mode, and the pace of tightening is likely to pick up over the course of the year between the combined effects of interest rate hikes and balance sheet drawdowns.
I’m not going to parse the FOMC statement, dissect the dot plot, or break down the summary economic projections. Much of what needs to be said (and a lot of what didn’t need to be said) about the Fed’s decision has been offered in print, over the airwaves, and in our virtual communities.
Key Takeaway: There is abundant focus on weekly and monthly surveys showing evidence of investor pessimism with regard to equities. This is at odds with the strategic positioning indicators showing that stocks are expensive and households are historically over-exposed to equities (relative to bonds, but also relative to bonds plus cash). The last two times that II bears exceeded bulls (in 2019 and 2020), household asset allocation data showed only 53% exposure to equities. As of the end of 2021, it was at 62%, an all-time high. So while investors may be identifying themselves as bearish, there is little evidence that investable cash is on the sidelines. With the Fed now raising rates and the market re-considering valuation levels, this lack of available firepower could weigh on equities. Whether today’s pessimism represents a cyclical extreme remains to be seen.
Risk On index remains stalled, Risk Off components gaining strength
Use breadth thrusts as guide that Risk On appetites have returned
The headlines remain noisy, but the message of the market is one of risk off leadership. Our Risk Off - Risk On Range-O-Meter shows the risk off component in most of these asset pairs gaining strength. Of the 20 pairs displayed here, only three (Value vs Growth, Aussie Dollar vs Yen, Lumber vs Gold) have the risk on component anywhere near new relative highs. In more than half the cases, the risk off component is within 10% of its highest level in the past year. This pair-wise intermarket view confirms the message from our Weight of the Evidence dashboard that argues for caution as conditions have deteriorated. The rest of this piece puts the current readings from this range-o-meter into some historical context and takes a closer look at our ASC+Plus Risk On & Risk Off Indexes.
It has an ominous name, but not much of a signal. The so-called “Death Cross” occurs when the 50-day average closes below the 200-day average. Today, for the 25th time since 1970, that will happen for the S&P 500. This table shows both where the S&P 500 tends to be in relation to its peak when these Death Crosses have occurred in the past and the experience of the index in the wake of past crosses.
Stocks attempted to rally this week. Following Tuesday’s abortive attempt to regain the considerable ground lost on Monday, the S&P 500 posted its best daily gain since 2020 on Wednesday (+2.65). The S&P 500 is still down on the week as I write this, but if the right headlines cross the wire this afternoon, anything could happen. That’s the kind of environment we are in. One filled with plenty of day-to-day noise. Stepping back, the S&P 500 attempted to rally off the lows in both January and February as well. Then, lower highs were ultimately followed by lower lows. The consistent theme as the indexes have moved lower off of their early year highs has been weakness beneath the surface. The number of stocks making new lows has been persistently higher than the number of stocks making new highs. When that changes, and we see evidence of meaningful improvement in breadth, we can take a more constructive view of rally attempts. For they deserve skepticism. Let’s make it a mantra (or at least a T-shirt): “No Thrust? No Trust!”
This isn't a post about nuclear Armageddon or a survival guide for a post-apocalyptic world.
But it is about recognizing when something has ended.
In rare cases, we know when an end is coming and can try to prepare. This was the case with my son's final grade school basketball game. The season-ending tournament was on the calendar months in advance. But even still, there were a few tears when the final buzzer sounded.
In other cases, we might not know in advance that an end is coming, but can quickly recognize that it has arrived. Think about going home from the office for the last time as the COVID crisis was intensifying in Spring 2020. Few knew when they shut their computers down for the day that it would be weeks or months (if ever at all, in my case) until they returned. Though unexpected, that reality became obvious in short-order.
Key Takeaway: Put/call ratios are high, there are more bulls than bears on both the AAII and II surveys (a rarity over the past decade) and active investment managers have slashed equity exposure. If the conditions that have been in place since the Financial Crisis lows (which occurred this week in 2009) are still in place, it is hard to argue that sentiment is not a meaningful tailwind for equities and is fuel for a rally. Two cautions: Sentiment is a condition, but rarely a catalyst. This means price action needs to improve to bring bulls back on board. But more significantly, there is still evidence that the speculative unwind that began last year is still ongoing and strategic positioning indicators show little improvement that would indicate longer-term risks are subsiding. Those get exacerbated as the Fed starts to raise interest rates and withdraw liquidity.
This All Star Charts +Plus Monthly Playbook breaks down the investment universe into a series of largely binary decisions and tactical calls. Paired with our Weight of the Evidence Dashboard, this piece is designed to help active asset allocators follow trends, pursue opportunities, and manage risk.